• Program • Programming • Programming Languages • Types of software • Introduction to C • History of C • Features of C • Applications of C • Character set, ASCII Table • Tokens • Keywords • Identifiers & Naming Rules • constants • Data Types • Type Qualifiers • How does the data stored in Computers Memory • Variables • Variable Declaration • Variable Assignment • Variable Initialization • Comments • Defining Constants • MCQs

• Arithmetic operators • Arithmetic expressions • Evaluation of expressions • Relational operators • Logical operators • Assignment operators • Increment & decrement operators • Conditional operator • Bitwise operators • Type casting • Sizeof operator • Comma operator • Operators Precedence and Associativity • Expressions • Evaluation of Expressions • MCQs

• Input-Output Library Functions • Non-formatted Input and Output • Character oriented Library functions • Compiler, Linker and Loader • Program execution phases • Formatted Library Functions • Mathematical Library Functions • Structure of a C Program • IDE • Basic programs • MCQs

• Conditional Control Statements o if o if-else o nested if-else o if-else-if ladder • Multiple Branching Control Structure o switch-case • Loop Control statements o while o do-while o for • Nested Loops • Jump Control structures • break • continue • go to • return • Programs • MCQs

• Arrays • One dimensional arrays • Declaration of 1D arrays • Initialization of 1D arrays • Accessing element of 1D arrays • Reading and displaying elements • Programs on 1D Arrays • Two dimensional arrays • Declaration of 2D arrays • Initialization of 2D arrays • Accessing element of 2D arrays • Reading and displaying elements • Programs on 2D Arrays • Three dimensional arrays • MCQs

• Structures • Structure Type Declaration • Structure Variable Declaration • Initialization of Structure • Accessing the members of a structure • Programs Using Structures • Operations on Structures (Copying and Comparing Structures) • Nested structures (Complex Structures) • Structures Containing Arrays (Complex Structures) • Array of Structures (Complex Structures) • Pointer to Structure • Accessing structure member through pointer using dynamic memory allocation • Pointers within Structures • Self-referential structures • Passing Structures to Functions • Functions returning Structures • Unions • Differences between Structures & Unions • Enumerated Types / enum keyword • The Type Definition / typedef keyword • Bit fields • MCQs

• Concept of a file • Streams • Text File and Binary Files • State of a File • Opening and Closing Files • File Input / Output Functions • Formatted Input-Output Functions • Character Input-Output Functions • Line Input-Output Functions • Block Input-Output Functions • File Status Functions (Error Handling) • Positioning Functions • System File Operations • MCQs

• Initialization of graphics • Drawing shapes using pre-defined functions • Finding the resolution of screen • Setting colors to text and window • Font settings • Fill styles • Basic GUI applications

• String Concept • Introduction to String in C • Storing Strings • The string Delimiter • String Literals (String Constants) • Strings and Characters • Declaring Strings • Initializing Strings • Strings and the Assignment Operator • String Input Functions / Reading Strings • String Output Functions / Writing Strings • String Input-Output using fscanf() and fprintf() Functions • Single Character Library Functions / Character Manipulation in the String • String Manipulation Library Functions • Programs Using Character Arrays • Array of Strings (2D Character Arrays) • Programs Using Array of Strings • MCQs

• Understanding Memory Addresses • Pointer Operators • Pointer • Pointer Advantages and Disadvantages • Declaration of Pointer Variables • Initialization of Pointer Variables • Dereferencing / Redirecting Pointer Variables • Declaration versus Redirection • Void Pointer • Null Pointer • Compatibility • Array of Pointers • Pointer to Pointer • Pointer Arithmetic • Dynamic Memory Allocation Functions

• Functions • Advantages of using functions • Defining a function • Calling a function • Return statement • Function Prototype • Basic Function Designs • Programs Using Functions • Scope • Recursion • Iteration vs Recursion • Nested functions • Variable Length Number of Arguments • Parameter Passing Techniques – Call by value & Call by Address • Functions Returning Pointers • Pointers and One-Dimensional Arrays • Pointers and Two-Dimensional Arrays • Passing 1D arrays to Functions • Passing 2D arrays to Functions • Pointers and Strings • Passing Strings to Functions • Pointer to Function • MCQs

• Object Attributes • Scope • Extent • Linkage • auto • static • extern • register • MCQs

• The #include Preprocessor Directive & User defined header files • The #define Preprocessor Directive: Symbolic Constants • The #define Preprocessor Directive: Macros • Conditional Compilation Directives • #if • #else • #elif • #endif • #ifdef • #ifndef • #undef • #error • #line • #pragma • MCQs